The Causes of Educational Differences in Fertility in Subsaharan Africa Příčiny edukativních rozdílů v plodnosti v subsaharské Africe. John Bongaarts

Link: http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs...
Source: The Population Council

The Population Council is an international, nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that seeks to improve the well-being and reproductive health of current and future generations around the world and to help achieve a humane, equitable, and sustainable balance between people and resources.

The Council conducts research in three areas: HIV and AIDS; poverty, gender, and youth; and reproductive health. Established in 1952.

This study first presents an analytic framework that describes the chain of causation

linking fertility to its multiple layers of determinants. Next, this framework is applied to analyze

the causes of educational fertility differences in 30 sub-Saharan African countries using data

from DHS surveys. The results demonstrate that education levels are positively associated with

demand for and use of contraception and negatively associated with fertility and desired family

size. In addition, there are differences by level of education in the relationships between

indicators. As education rises, fertility is lower at a given level of contraceptive use,

contraceptive use is higher at a given level of demand, and demand is higher at a given level of

desired family size. The most plausible explanations for these shifting relationships are that

better-educated women marry later and less often, use contraception more effectively, have more

knowledge about and access to contraception, have greater autonomy in reproductive

decisionmaking, and are more motivated to implement demand because of the higher opportunity

costs of unintended childbearing.

Keywords

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